Relations between Climatic Changes and High Pollution Levels in Bulgaria

One of the important consequences of the climatic changes is the potential danger of increasing the concentrations of some pollutants, which may cause damages to humans, animals and plants. Therefore, it is worthwhile to study carefully the impact of future climate changes on the high pollution levels. The major topic of the discussion in this paper is the increase of some ozone levels in Bulgaria, but several related topics are also discussed. The particular mathematical tool applied in this study is a large-scale air pollution model, the Unified Danish Eulerian Model (UNIDEM), which was successfully used in several investigations related to potentially dangerous pollution levels in several European countries. This model is described by a non-linear system of partial differential equations, which is solved numerically by using (a) advanced numerical algorithms and (b) modern computer architectures. Moreover, (c) the code is parallelized and (d) the cache memories of the available computers are efficiently utilized. It is shown that in Bulgaria, as in the other European countries, the climatic changes will result in permanent increases of some quantities related to the ozone pollution. The important issue is that in our study the changes of the dangerous pollution levels are followed year by year. In this way, an attempt is made both to capture the effect of the inter-annual variations of the meteorological conditions on the levels of the ozone concentrations and to follow directly the influence of the climatic changes on the pollution levels. Moreover, the sensitivity of the pollution levels to variations of the human made (anthropogenic) and natural (biogenic) emissions is also discussed.